Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment in Kolkata

Oral cavity cancer is one of the most common cancers in India, and Kolkata has emerged as a major hub for its diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Oral cancer refers to cancers that arise in different parts of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, gums, buccal mucosa (inner cheek lining), hard palate (roof of the mouth), floor of the mouth, and the retromolar trigone (the area behind the wisdom teeth). The majority of these cancers are squamous cell carcinoma, a type of cancer that originates from the squamous cells lining the oral cavity.

With increasing tobacco use, betel quid chewing, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, oral cancer cases are steadily rising in West Bengal. Fortunately, Kolkata is home to several advanced cancer hospitals and clinics offering comprehensive treatment options tailored to each patient’s condition.

Types of Oral Cavity Cancer

Squamous Cell Carcinoma
This is the most common type, accounting for the majority of cases. It begins in the squamous cells that line the oral cavity.

Oral Tongue Cancer
Develops in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue—the portion visible when you stick it out.

Floor of Mouth Cancer
Arises beneath the tongue, making it one of the more aggressive types due to its proximity to vital structures.

Gingival Cancer
Cancer of the gums, which can affect chewing and dental health.

Hard Palate Cancer
Develops on the bony roof of the mouth.

Buccal Mucosa Cancer
Forms on the inner lining of the cheeks, often associated with tobacco and betel quid chewing.

Lip Cancer
Affects either the upper or lower lip and is more commonly linked to sun exposure and tobacco use.

Diagnosis of Oral Cancer

Early detection is critical in improving survival rates. In Kolkata, most cancer care centers follow a multi-step diagnostic approach:

Clinical Examination: A detailed physical examination of the oral cavity.

Biopsy: Removal of a small tissue sample for laboratory testing to confirm cancer.

Imaging Tests: CT scans, MRI, and PET scans are used to determine the spread and staging of cancer.

Endoscopy: Helps assess the involvement of surrounding structures like the throat and pharynx.

Oral Cancer Treatment Options in Kolkata

The treatment of oral cancer depends on the stage of the disease, the exact location of the tumor, and the overall health of the patient. Hospitals in Kolkata such as Tata Medical Center, Apollo Gleneagles, AMRI Hospitals, and government facilities like Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI) are known for offering advanced therapies.

1. Surgery

Surgical removal of the tumor is often the first line of treatment for localized cancers. Surgeons may remove part of the tongue, jawbone, or affected tissues. Reconstructive surgery is frequently performed to Oral Cancer Treatment Kolkata restore facial appearance and oral function.

2. Radiation Therapy

Radiotherapy is used as a primary treatment in some cases or as an adjunct after surgery to eliminate residual cancer cells. Techniques such as IMRT (Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy) are available in Kolkata for precision treatment.

3. Chemotherapy

Drugs like cisplatin, fluorouracil, and docetaxel are commonly used. Chemotherapy may be combined with radiation (chemoradiotherapy) for advanced stages of cancer.

4. Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy

Newer options such as monoclonal antibodies and immunotherapy drugs (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors) are now being offered at leading cancer centers in Kolkata for patients with advanced or recurrent oral cancer.

Supportive Care and Rehabilitation

Beyond medical treatment, oral cavity cancer patients often need comprehensive supportive care. In Kolkata, many hospitals provide:

Speech and Swallow Therapy: To help patients regain communication and eating functions.

Nutritional Support: Since oral cancers directly affect the ability to chew and swallow, dieticians provide tailored meal plans.

Psychological Counseling: To address the emotional and social impact of cancer.

Palliative Care: For patients with advanced disease, ensuring pain relief and better quality of life.

Why Choose Kolkata for Oral Cancer Treatment?

Kolkata combines world-class healthcare infrastructure with affordability, making it Oral Cancer Treatment Kolkata a preferred destination for cancer care in Eastern India. The city’s hospitals are equipped with modern diagnostic tools, robotic surgical systems, and experienced oncologists. Additionally, government-aided centers and charitable hospitals provide subsidized treatment for underprivileged patients.

Final Thoughts

Oral cavity cancer is a serious but treatable condition, especially when detected early. Kolkata offers comprehensive care ranging from early diagnosis to advanced treatment and rehabilitation, ensuring patients receive the best possible outcomes. With increasing awareness, preventive measures such as avoiding tobacco and alcohol, maintaining oral hygiene, and regular dental check-ups can significantly reduce the risk of developing oral cancer.